How to calculate quantity of cement ,sand & aggregate in 1m3 cube of concrete?

There are two main ways to design the concrete mix.

Design mix method :-
In this method, materials are proportioned based on the procedure and rules given in IS 456 (2000) and IS 10262) code

In this method, cement, sand and aggregates are always batched in terms of weight, and concrete can be designed for different environmental conditions and different needs. With the help of this method you can save cost .Quality of concrete from this method is better than nominal.

Nominal mix method :-

In this materials are proportioned based on prescribed approximation and experience to attain the different grade of concrete.

Cement, sand and aggregates are usually batched in terms of volume using batching box. It is easier to follow in construction site and useful to produce concrete up to M 20 grade.

Type of Concrete	Grade	Mix Ratio	Characteristic Compressive strength of  Concrete 28Days in N/mm2
Ordinary concrete	M5	1:5:10	5 N/mm2
	M7.5	1:4:8	7.5 N/mm2
	M10	1:3:6	10 N/mm2
	M15	1:2:4	15 N/mm2
	M20	1:1.5:3	20 N/mm2
Standard Concrete	M25	1:1:2	25 N/mm2
	M30	Design Mix	30 N/mm2
	M35	Design Mix	35 N/mm2
	M40	Design Mix	40 N/mm2
	M45	Design Mix	45 N/mm2
	M50	Design Mix	50 N/mm2
High Strength  Concrete	M55	Design Mix	55 N/mm2
	M60	Design Mix	60 N/mm2
	M65	Design Mix	65 N/mm2
	M70	Design Mix	70 N/mm2

Concrete Mix Design for M20 Grade Concrete :-

Let , M 20 grade concrete

As per IS 456:2000 :- 1:1.5:3

Add all the volume to know the total volume = 1 + 1.5 + 3 = 5.5

Consider, Wet volume = 1 m³ 

Dry volume =1.54 x 1 =1.54 m³  (it is increased by 54%)

Cement:-

Quantity of cement In Cubic metre = 1 x 1.54 / 5.5 = 0.28 m³ 

Quantity of cement in kg = 1 x 1.54/5.5 x 1440 = 403.2 kg

Therefore , Density of cement = 1440 kg/ m³ 

Number of cement bags required = 403.2/50 = 8.064 bags

Sand:

Quantity of sand in Cubic metre = 1.5 x 1.54/5.5 = 0.42 m³ 

Quantity of sand in kg = 1.5×1.54/5.5×1500 = 630 kg

Therefore , Density of sand = 1500 kg/ m³ 

Quantity of sand in Cubic feet = 1.5 x 1.54 /5.5 x 35.3147 = 14.83 cu.ft

Aggregates:

Quantity of aggregate in Cubic metre = 3 x 1.54 / 5.5 = 0.84 m³ 

Quantity of aggregate in kg = 3 x 1.54 /5.5 x 1500 = 1260 kg

Therefore , Density of aggregate = 1450 – 1750 kg/ m³ 

Quantity of aggregate in cubic feet = 3 x 1.54 /5.5 x 35.3147 = 29.66 cu.ft

Water:

For M20, 30 liters of water per 50kg cement .

Total amount of water required = 30 x 403.2 / 50 = 241.92 litre.

8.064 bags  of cement required for 1 cu.m of M20 grade concrete. 

630 kg of Sand required for 1 cu.m of M20 grade concrete. 

1260 kg of 20mm Aggregate is required for 1 cu.m of M20 grade concrete.

241.92 litre. of water is required for 1 cu.m of M20 grade concrete